Women are about twice as likely as men to develop Alzheimer’s disease, and scientists are working on understanding why. While living longer is part of the reason, it doesn’t explain the whole story. Researchers are looking closely at biology — like chromosomes and hormones — that might make women more at risk.

Two key factors stand out. Women have two X chromosomes, which carry genes linked to brain health, and some of these genes may increase Alzheimer’s risk. Menopause is also important. When estrogen levels drop, it seems to affect the brain. While hormone therapy can ease menopause symptoms, starting it too late in life might raise the risk  even more.

Experts believe that studying these differences could lead to better ways to prevent and treat Alzheimer’s. Future studies will focus on women’s hormone history and how their brains change over time. Understanding these factors could help doctors find new ways to protect the brain and catch the disease earlier.

SOURCE:

Medical Xpress, July 8, 2025